Category Archives: origins

Epigenetics – Complexity of Biblical Proportions

February 11, 2023Biology, Creation, DNA, Genetics, originsJohn Smith

Hot Topic in Modern Research

The discovery of DNA has greatly enhanced our understanding of life and its complexities. However, understanding DNA is just the beginning. DNA orchestration and expression are of mind-blowing, Biblical, proportions of complexity. This orchestration is a field of study called epigenetics, a term coined in the 1940’s and currently one of the hottest topics of research. Epigenetics may very well be the most important scientific discovery of our generation.

How it Works

Consider a nest of eggs. The DNA is fixed in the nucleus of each egg. After a month or so, the eggs will incubate and transform themselves into chicks. These chicks all look alike but no longer resemble the egg from which they came. Their DNA has not changed. Every cell in their body, in collaboration with every other cell, has expressed itself as this baby chick. After a few weeks they increase in size and grow bigger wings, their fuzz turns into feathers, and muscles become toned for flight.

At each stage, the babies, in this case, robins, all look alike; their DNA is expressed in like manner for each of the chicks; every cell is expressing itself differently, but in concert with every other cell, doing its part to produce a fledgling.

Amazingly, the robin’s DNA does not change, but the robins do; they change a lot. They all grow at the same rate and fledge at the same time. Finally, we have mature birds, all approximately the same size and approximately the same physical appearance. The DNA is fixed from egg till death, but the expression of the robin’s DNA is changed drastically from one stage to another. Everything is performing with perfect orchestration and expression.

Mechanism

So, the question is, what mechanism produces this orchestration? It is explained by epigenetics. Epigenetics is the study of how DNA is packed into the cell and with which chemicals it is packed. The result of this packing regulates which genes are expressed and to what extent. Each time a cell divides, it is subject to new packing arrangements. Each cell is different and each cell packs in concert with every other cell; each doing its part. This is a miracle. Every stage of growth and development is a miracle.

An extreme example of epigenetics is the butterfly. During metamorphosis, the larva changes to a butterfly, totally different from the larva in appearance and metabolism. And, it happens very quickly. The cell divisions act in unison with all cells to regulate gene expression and produce what looks like a totally different creature even though the DNA remains fixed.

Epigenetics is a system of turning genes off and on. We humans have just over 20,000 genes in our body and each of these genes can be expressed or not depending on how tightly it is wound and with which chemicals it is packed. Therefore, with the butterfly, one combination of genes is expressed to build the larva and another combination of genes is expressed for constructing the mature butterfly. No matter how the DNA is packed, it cannot construct a moth, a bird, or a chimpanzee; it can only express the various stages of that species of butterfly.

Human Epigenetics

Now let’s look at human epigenetics and make it a bit more personal. What regulates and orchestrates our DNA packing? The answer is, “our personal DNA coupled with our environment determines how our DNA is packed.” This environment includes diet, air quality, stress, friends, attitude, purpose, and spiritual beliefs. The environment triggers receptors, switches, hormones, and electrical signals: these triggers affect how our DNA expresses itself. In summary, not only does your DNA regulate gene expression, but it also influences our physical and spiritual environments. We have a blog (part 2 of this blog) that shows both the physical and spiritual effects of epigenetics using laboratory tests of mice and rats.

Shocking Complexity

Now that we have given the basics, it is time to shock you with the complexity of epigenetics. Consider you. You looked different when you were a fetus and you looked different as a newborn. Then came the toddler years and adolescent years. Every decade you look different. Each cell in your body must do its part in making you, you for each period of your life. Latest estimates are that a human body has 37.2 trillion cells. Each cell contains about 6 feet of DNA. Therefore, you have 6 X 37.2 = 223.2 trillion feet of DNA that must orchestrate your growth, health, and metabolism. If we take this 223.2 trillion feet of DNA and divide by 5280 (feet in a mile) and take that and divide by the distance to the sun (93 million miles), we get 459.07.

This is shocking! This means that if you stretch out your DNA, it is long enough to make approximately 230 round trips to the sun. This is complexity of Biblical proportions. Each of these 6-foot strands must do its part in the orchestration with all the other 37.2 trillion strands to produce you at any point in your life. Only divine intellect and ingenuity can explain complexity of this proportion.

Dear friends and children, if you believe the Bible you are doing well. The complexity of life is of Biblical proportions and cannot be explained by chaos. When we face the creator, we will be able to say, “we believed your Word, that you created all things.”

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DNA and the Gospel

January 29, 2023Biology, Creation, DNA, Genetics, originsJohn Smith

Amazing DNA

DNA is the code that defines our flesh and blood. It is complex to the extreme, and it contains the information that builds and maintains our bodies; our bodies are filled with little factories that assemble proteins; proofreaders that check instructions; little transporters that deliver building material to the factories and other users; there are gates with gatekeepers; mechanisms that police the body looking for invaders; and more than 90,000 other mechanisms that build, regulate, and orchestrate body functions. All those who study DNA are amazed by it. So, from where did this marvelous DNA come and how did it develop into its present state?

Eternal Genetics

Let’s go back in time approximately 6000 years ago, just before the creation. All things were in Christ, including our DNA. At this point, all things (atoms, molecules, stars,

Jesus had DNA — Jesus had our DNA with Him

animals, and humans) were just an idea, not yet formed or activated. Then, the idea of the creation was released in the form of Word, and on day 6 of the creation, the idea of man was spoken into existence (Genesis 1:26); at the end of day 6, God proclaimed the entire creation to be “very good” (Genesis 1:31), this included our DNA in its “very good” state.

Then, after God rested on day seven (Genesis 2:2), Adam was formed (Genesis 2:7) and he received the breath of life from God, and Adam became a living soul, i.e. functioning flesh and blood. Fittingly, the name “Adam” means “mankind,” so, all of us alive today were in Adam. All of our genes were in him in the form of DNA. It was God’s intention that Adam live forever; therefore, his DNA and ours was intended to be eternal.

Our Corrupted Genetics

However, once Adam was given life, humanity’s DNA became vulnerable, it was no longer safe in Christ, but subject to free will and the darkness (Genesis 1:4); God took a risk. Then, unfortunately, sin did enter the world through Adam (Romans 5:12). We, today, suffer from sin: our sins, our family’s sin, our nation’s sin, and Adam’s sin. Part of this suffering is the result of mutations in our DNA; these mutations, which were planted by Satan (Matthew 13:25), cause disease, deformities, death, and other deteriorations of our flesh and blood.

There is One Copy of Our DNA that is Safe

Our present DNA is corrupted and its destiny is death; but, the good news is that the original copy still exists, safely in Christ; and, all we have to do to be restored to our original day 6 DNA is to also be “in Christ” where we are safe and will live forever, even if we die. Here are some supporting scriptures to this notion:

In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. 1 Corinthians 15:52

For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality. 1 Corinthians 15:53

So when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed up in victory. 1 Corinthians 15:54 (KJV)

. . . I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live: John 11:25 (Words of Jesus in red KJV)

Jesus is the Keeper of Our Genetics

This is just one reason, the genetic reason, why Jesus is called the Redeemer: He retains every element of the creation in Him, including our DNA, and He has the power and authority to restore all things to their perfect condition at any time.

John 1:3 All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made.

John 1:4 In him was life; . . .

In conclusion, our DNA as it exists now, was “in Christ” before the creation, spoken into existence on day 6. Then, after God’s rest, it was activated in the form of Adam; at this point, human DNA was “very good.” Unfortunately, Adam sinned and his DNA became polluted, destined to death; and, since we all came from Adam, our DNA is also polluted. However, the good copy still exists in Christ where it is safe, and we have access to it when we are also “in Christ.” This is the Gospel from a genetic perspective.

Here are some other links with some additional background information:

Adam’s DNA

Genesis Chapter 1 and 2

Jesus’ DNA

The Genetics of Sin Nature

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Keywords: Gospel genetics, eternal life DNA, Gospel according to DNA, In Christ, genetic mutations

Genesis Chapters 1 and 2 – Agreement or Contradiction

January 27, 2023Biology, Creation, DNA, Genetics, Migration, origins, Young earthJohn Smith

Logical and chronological

Genesis chapters 1 and 2 have been a bit of a mystery in that they appear to be in conflict with one another. However, now that we understand DNA, these two chapters converge into one creation account that is logically and chronologically perfect.

Genesis 1 documents the order of creation. Genesis chapter 2, on the other hand, documents the activation of the creation.

Everything was created before the seventh day. However, the plants had not been planted and neither animals nor man had been given the breath of life. The Bible is clear, God rested on the seventh day. If God had given man life on the sixth day, God could not have rested on the seventh. He wouldn’t abandon Adam nor would He want to miss Adam’s first day of life. Then, after God rested, He formed Adam from the earth in accordance with the DNA created and selected on day 6. In chapter 2, God gave Adam the breath of life and he, Adam, became a living soul.

Bara and Yatsar

This notion is further supported by the parable of the farmer who planted his field with good seed and then rested (Matthew 13:24). As the farmer rested, the seeds had not yet started growing, they were still dormant, still in seed form. This is the way it was on day 7 of creation; everything was created, ready for activation, but dormant. Then, in Genesis chapter 2, after God rested, He took the DNA created on day 6 and formed man, and breathed life into him. For those of you who study Hebrew, you will see that the word used in Genesis 1 is different from the one used in Genesis 2. The word used in Genesis 1 is “bara” having the sense of selecting. In Genesis 2 the word “yatsar” has the sense of forming or squeezing into shape much like a potter forming his pot.

Activation

Here is some of the Genesis 2 account of the creation. It shows that the materials were available, the plans were complete, and then came the activation. Please consider the following excerpts from Genesis 2:

When no bush of the field was yet in the land and no small plant of the field had yet sprung up–for the LORD God had not caused it to rain on the land, and there was no man to work the ground, Genesis 2:5

then the LORD God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature. Genesis 2:7

And the LORD God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he put the man whom he had formed. Genesis 2:8

And out of the ground the LORD God made to spring up every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food. The tree of life was in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. Genesis 2:9

The LORD God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it. Genesis 2:15

Now out of the ground the LORD God had formed every beast of the field and every bird of the heavens and brought them to the man to see what he would call them. And whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name. Genesis 2:19

The man gave names to all livestock and to the birds of the heavens and to every beast of the field. Genesis 2:20

So, Adam was given life first, then the plants, then the animals. It all makes sense.

This also explains Genesis 5:2 which has been a mystery until now:

Genesis 5:2 Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created. (KJV)

The “they” is “we”

He created them male and female and called their name Adam. He called their name Adam. Adam embodied all human genetic variation. Your genes, my genes, everyone’s genes were in Adam. We were all created on day 6 and God called our name “Adam.” The name “Adam” means “man.” It goes on to say “in the day when they were created.” Again, the they is we. Our DNA was created on day six, but we were formed and given life in our mother’s womb.

Dear friends and children, know that the Bible is true and can be trusted. Genesis chapters one and two are logically and chronologically perfect.

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Noah’s Wine Country

January 24, 2023Genetics, Migration, Noah's flood, originsJohn Smith

Backdrop

Some believe that the Biblical account of Noah is a myth. Some say it is an allegory. And some, like the present writer, say it is a true historical account. So far, we have not found Noah’s colossal Ark; maybe it was recycled by our ancient ancestors, covered by an ice cap, or buried by the Mount Ararat volcano; nonetheless, the search for Noah’s Ark continues. Meanwhile, we, at Genesis and Genetics, are looking for evidence of Noah in other places, one of which is searching for Noah’s vineyard. So, let’s combine our knowledge of the Bible with modern science and search for Noah’s vineyard.

Biblical Account

The Bible says that after leaving the Ark:

Genesis 9:20 Noah began to be an husbandman, and he planted a vineyard … (KJV)

Noah planted a vineyard; but, by now, surely all signs of Noah’s vineyard have disappeared. Right? It appears that is not the case; ancient grape seeds (pips) have been found near Mount Ararat. These grape pips have been carbon dated and genetically sequenced. As a result, their DNA has been traced to modern grapes. These results are illuminating, but before we get into the migration of grapes, let’s get a bit more background from the Bible concerning Noah and his Ark:

Genesis 8:4 And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat (KJV).

The Hebrew word “Ararat” is the word for “Armenia.” When Noah’s Ark settled in the mountains of Armenia, the Armenian borders had yet to be defined; however, the Bible is a timeless book and we can assume ancient Armenia included present-day Armenia. Also, going back in history to just after the time of Moses, we find that ancient Armenia included modern-day Armenia, Eastern Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Southern Georgia. Therefore, logically, Noah’s vineyard should be in one of these countries. The Bible states that the Ark settled in the mountains of Armenia; so, it could have landed on Mount Ararat or any of the Armenian mountains. Christian tradition gives Mount Ararat the honor of being the place of disembarkation from the Ark, and it is, for sure, a possibility.

Ancient Vinyards

We find that the modern countries representing ancient Armenia are, indeed, rich in wine history. Here are some facts:

Georgia is touted by many as being the birthplace of wine. It claims to have been making wine for 8000 years. In the days of the Soviet Union, Georgia was known as the Soviet Union’s wine cellar.
Azerbaijan also touts its ancient winemaking. Azerbaijan has much diversity in landscape, some of which are perfect for growing grapes.
Present-day Armenia has a long history of wine culture. Many modern-day Armenians consider wine as the national drink. In Armenia, there are legends that Noah planted his vineyard in the Ararat Valley (Figure 1).

Figure 1 Mount Ararat with vineyards in the foreground

Armenia boasts of having the world’s oldest winemaking facility located in Areni Cave (Figure 2).

Figure 2 Excavations in Areni cave

In addition, Armenia is rich in ancient history. For example, Carahunge, Armenia is a Stonehenge-like site. This Carahunge formation of stones predates the British Stonehenge by approximately 4000 years. Therefore, it dates to approximately the same age as the most ancient Armenian vineyards.

Figure 3 Carahunge, the Armenian Stonehenge predating the British Stonehenge by nearly 4000 years.

DNA sequencing shows that most Domestic wines owe their origins to wild grapes in the Near East.

Since the discovery of DNA, many mysteries are being solved in various fields including horticulture. Worldwide, one of the most valuable horticultural crops is grapes. Therefore, scientists give much attention to grape viticulture. DNA markers (SNPS) are used to connect domestic grapes to wild species and trace their migration from country to country. According to an article in PNAS (proceeding from the National Academy of Science), grape domestication began with the wild grape Vitis vinifera sp. Sylvestris. Modern domestic grapes have DNA most closely aligned with these wild grapes from the Near East (reference 1). Therefore, the origin of domestic grapes is coincident with Noah’s wine country in ancient Armenia. This, of course, does not prove the Biblical account of Noah, but it shows the scientific evidence is consistent with the Biblical narrative.

Carbon Dates

We at Genesis and Genetics consider carbon dating good science in principle; however, we have concluded that the calibration curves, based on the uniformitarian model are not correct, and carbon 14 values must be corrected for the Biblical flood effects (Reference 2, To access our carbon 14 date calculator click here). The oldest evidence of winemaking dates to 5900 B.C. Correcting 5900 B.C. for flood effects gives us 2141 B.C. Since the flood receded approximately 2348 B.C., the oldest grape pips found so far lived 200 years after disembarkation from the Ark. Therefore, the oldest vineyard found thus far is probably not Noah’s original vineyard, but they are vineyards planted by Noah’s near kin.

Figure 4 shows some of the ancient Armenian vineyards found so far. They probably are those of Noah’s offspring and show the earliest stages of human migration. The present findings are good corroboration of the Biblical narrative and show that (1) Noah’s Ark settled in what is now known to be wine country, (2) there is evidence of ancient winemaking where Noah landed, and (3) that ancient Armenia is the origin of modern domestic grapes.

Figure 4 Some of the Ancient Armenia vineyards found so far (the red W’s denote ancient vineyards and the white A shows the location of Mount Ararat

Summary

The Biblical narrative and archaeological evidence meet in ancient Armenia. Now it is clear that Noah and his offspring planted vineyards in some of the best wine-producing country in the world. Also, Noah’s wine country is the origin of modern domestic grapes. Our findings are not proof of Noah’s account but show clearly that the Bible is, once again, consistent with scientific evidence. So, next time you enjoy a glass of wine, grape juice or a handful of raisins, consider giving Noah a little credit. Give him a bravo for saving humanity from annihilation and for good grapes.

Coming Soon

Soon we will release a blog concerning the migration out of Noah’s vineyard. We have found that only a portion of Noah’s family “came from the East” and settled in the Land of Shinar (Mesopotamia). We will also identify the historical Nimrod.

References:

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Jesus’ DNA

November 2, 2022Biology, DNA, Genetics, Human phylogenetics, originsJohn Smith

Overview

Our DNA was on the cross with Jesus

In previous blogs, we discussed Adam’s DNA and Eve’s DNA. This blog is purposed at showing that Jesus’ DNA was the same as Adam’s DNA and, like Adam, embodied all human DNA. Also, that Jesus is the keeper of our original DNA which we will receive in a “twinkling of an eye.”

I Corinthians 15:52 In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed

I Corinthians 15:53 For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality

What we Know

What do we know about Jesus’ DNA? (1) He was born of the virgin Mary. (2) He was conceived by the Holy Spirit. And (3) He was the last ‘Adam.’

Matthew 1:20 But as he considered these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not fear to take Mary as your wife, for that which is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. (ESV)

1 Corinthians 15:45 Thus it is written, “The first man Adam became a living being”; the last Adam became a life-giving spirit.

We also know that the Bible refers to only two humans as “the Son of God:” Jesus and Adam. Since we are from Adam and the body of Jesus, we are, indeed, the children of God.

Luke 3:38 Which was the son of Enos, which was the son of Seth, which was the son of Adam, which was the son of God.

Adam and Jesus had the same DNA

If we put the above scriptures together, I think we can conclude that Jesus had exactly the same DNA as Adam. It had to be; just as Adam embodied all the genetic variations of humanity, Jesus had to do the same. He had to represent all human genomes so all of us would be included in the “Body of Christ.” Therefore, His death and resurrection would apply to everyone.

The Holy Spirit conceived Jesus in Mary’s body. The Holy Spirit conception was necessary for two reasons: (1) so that Jesus would be the perfect unblemished sacrifice; and (2), so Jesus would represent and die for all humanity. If it had not been for the Holy Spirit’s conception, Jesus would have had genetic mutations and not quite all the gene variations of Adam. Therefore, when Jesus went to the cross, there would have been some humans left out, i.e., not represented by Jesus’ death and resurrection.

This is a fascinating concept. When Adam sinned, we all went down with him, but when Jesus was resurrected, we all were resurrected with Him, and if we believe and accept this, we will all live with Him forever.

This principle clarifies many scriptures. Here are just a few:

The Image of God

Genesis 1:27 So God created man in his image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them.

This scripture takes on new meaning. Jesus, being the last Adam had the likeness of Adam. But, in truth, it isn’t that Jesus looked like Adam, but that Adam looked like Jesus. Adam was created in the image of God (Jesus).

Jesus shared his DNA with Adam. All the animals looked like their kind, but Adam looked like God (Jesus).

The Body of Christ

1 Corinthians 12:12 For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ.

The Body of Christ was created on day six through Adam and was perfect with no sin and no mutations. We are Adam; we are the body the body of Christ.

And the Word Became Flesh

John 1:14 And the Word became flesh . . .

When you study DNA, you see that it is a language. We are part of the Word of God, part of the Body of Christ.

With Him – Part of Him

Romans 6:8 Now if we have died with Christ, we believe that we will also live with him. (ESV)

We, being part of the Body of Christ, died with Him. When He was hanging on the cross, we were there. We were in the tomb with Him, in Hades with Him, and were raised up with Him. What He did, we did. When He is with the Father, we are with the Father.

John 17:23 I in them, and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one; and that the world may know that thou hast sent me, and hast loved them, as thou hast loved me. (Words of Jesus – KJV)

Romans 12:5 So we, being many, are one body in Christ, and every one members one of another. (KJV)

Galatians 3:28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.

Ephesians 2:6 And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus:

Dear friends and children, know that we are in Him, He is in us, and we are indeed part of the “body of Christ.” He is in us, in our DNA. And we are in Him, in His DNA. And now we know that the literal meaning is true scientifically. We have lost our day-6 DNA to mutations, deformity, disease, and, someday, death, but the good news is that Jesus has our original day-6, perfect DNA, in Him. It is safe. And soon, He will give it to us “in a twinkling of and eye.”

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Fertile Crescent, Nimrod, and Confusion of Language – Human Migration

September 2, 2022Creation, Migration, Noah's flood, originsJohn Smith

Overview

At Genesis and Genetics, we take secular science findings and use them to defend the Bible. In the case of the fertile crescent archaeology, we have found the following concerning human migration, Nimrod, and the confusion of tongues:

Early Human Migration

Starting with the Bible, we see that early human migration began when Noah’s Ark landed in the mountains of Armenia. Here is what happened after they left the Ark:

* Noah planted a vineyard. The oldest vineyards in the world are in ancient Armenia, as documented in our former blog Noah’s wine country.

* As Noah’s offspring spread out, they settled in the fertile crescent. This was before the migration into the “Land of Shinar.” The reason for this is that the Land of Shinar (Lower Mesopotamia) was underwater. Presently, much of Lower Mesopotamia is less than 60 feet above sea level. For instance, presently the elevation of Babylon is 7 feet, Ur is 59 feet, Uruk is 52 feet, and Eridu is 23 feet.

* A portion of the fertile crescent is to the East of the Land of Shinar in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. According to the Bible, those who settled in the Land of Shinar “came from the East.” This means that only a portion of Noah’s offspring settled in the Land of Shinar. The Bible says that those who settled in the Land of Shinar wanted to “make a name for themselves.” If they were the only civilization on the earth, they wouldn’t have to make a name for themselves.

The Rise of Nimrod (Enmerkar)

* Shortly after the arrival in the Land of Shinar (Sumer), a sophisticated society began, and an Empire arose from the city of Uruk (Biblical Erech). This empire spread out into the fertile crescent. The secular archaeologists refer to it as the Uruk Expansion. The Emperor/ruler/king was a man called Enmerkar. He is a prime candidate, and our pick, for the Biblical Nimrod.

* Enmerkar enjoyed great success until the language was confused. There are many historical references to the confusion of language, and in the “legend of Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta,” Enmerkar is blamed for the confusion of tongues.

The Fall of Nimrod

* Enmerkar (Nimrod) lost his empire due to the confusion of tongues. He lost his ability to communicate with his outposts, trade partners, and clans in the empire.

* Enmerkar was credited for being the first to use written language. Written language arose quickly after the Uruk Empire collapsed. Possibly, Enmerkar attempted to restore his empire by introducing writing and using it and scribes to restore the empire. But it didn’t work. Shortly after the collapse of the Uruk empire, the dynastic period began. Each language group had a king. The confusion of tongues accomplished God’s purpose in that it divided the people.

* Enmerkar (Nimrod) was shamed and fell into obscurity.

Biblical Narrative

Disembarkation

Noah and his family disembarked in ancient Armenia. Modern archeology tells us that the most ancient vineyards are in ancient Armenia. This is also the point of origin of most domestic grapes. So, all humanity and domestic grapes migrated from ancient Armenia (Noah’s Wine Country), consistent with the Bible.

Early migration

As Noah’s children multiplied, they sought new lands and adventure. Some migrated North and East to Asia, and some migrated South to the fertile crescent, including Egypt. At this time, the waters were still receding from the flood, and lower Mesopotamia (the Land of Shinar) was still underwater. As the waters receded, those in the fertile crescent East of the Land of Shinar moved into the rich alluvial plain, which became Sumer and Akkad.

Genesis 11:2 And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.

Confusion of Language

They wanted to do two things, first, make a name for themselves, and two, they wanted to disobey the command of God to scatter, i.e., migrate. If they continued with their goals, God would lose the hope of having a people unto Himself; a one-world government would be risky in that there would be a loss of freedom of choice. God decided to stop the Enmerkar empire and did the following:

Genesis

11:6 And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.

11:7 Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.

11:8 So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city.

One mind one language – Nimrod -Emperor

The entire population of the world spoke one language and were of one mind. In the land of Sumer, there arose a mighty person who built the city of Uruk (Biblical Erech) and formed an empire. Because the people were of one mind, he had little trouble forming this empire without bloodshed. It was a sophisticated society with farming, the wheel, chariots, government, toilets, septic tanks, geometry, the “Roman” arch, irrigation, think tanks, and beer. The Empire planted outposts near trading partners, and everything was booming. Here are the scriptures about Nimrod (Enmerkar):

Genesis

10:8 And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth.

10:9 He was a mighty hunter before the LORD: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the LORD.

10:10 And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. ‘

10:11 Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah,

10:12 And Resen between Nineveh and Calah: the same is a great city.

Timeframe

These scriptures vividly point to the making of an empire with Nimrod as the emperor. Everything fits with the Bible except the carbon 14 dates. However, the secular carbon dates assume there was no flood. If the dates are corrected for flood effects, it all comes together. Here is our date assessment using the Flood Effects on Radio-Carbon Dating corrected dates.

Event Corrected dates Secular dates

The flood 2348 BC (Bible) Didn’t happen

Oldest vineyard 2150 BC 6100 BC

Death of Noah 1998 BC He didn’t exist

Uruk Expansion Start 1996 BC 3700 BC

Confusion of Tongues 1908 BC 3000 BC

Jemdat Nassr period 1930 BC -1892 BC 3150 BC – 2900 BC
(transition period
Between the Uruk empire
and the dynastic era)

First writing 1908 BC 3000 BC

Beginning of 1892 BC 2900 BC
Dynastic Period
(End of Uruk Empire)

The obvious question is, “where was Noah when all this happened?” Notice in the above dates that the Uruk expansion did not start until Noah died. This makes sense in that Noah must have been considered an important influence on society, and maybe the Uruk expansion, which included the building of the Tower of Babel, could not have happened if Noah were alive.

Conclusion:

Noah’s offspring migrated from the vineyard in all directions, but many settled in the Fertile Crescent. As the waters abated, those from the Eastern portion of the fertile crescent settled in the Biblical “Land of Shinar” (Mesopotamia). From the Land of Shinar, there arose a powerful man, Nimrod/Enmerkar, who built the city of Uruk (Erech) and from that city arose the Uruk/Erech empire. The empire spread to much of the ancient world, but the confusion of languages caused the empire to topple. The emperor attempted to keep the empire intact by using an invention, writing; however, it didn’t work, and the empire collapsed, ushering in the dynastic period. The dynastic period stopped globalization, and nations began to form.

References:

1. The Bible

2. Noah’s Wine Country

3. Radio Carbon Date Calculator

4. The Uruk World System The Dynamics of Expansion of Early Mesopotamian Civilization, by Algaze Guillermo

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Eve’s DNA

July 5, 2022Biology, Creation, DNA, Genetics, Human phylogenetics, Migration, origins, Y-chromosomesJohn Smith

Eve’s DNA was perfect

Eve in the garden original art by HH 2021

The account of Eve is an interesting and important segment of our genetic history. The Bible says that God put Adam into a deep sleep, took one of Adam’s ribs, and made a woman (Genesis 2:21-22). Adam named her Eve and proclaimed that she was “bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh” (Genesis 2:23-24). Eve’s DNA, like Adam’s, was perfect. It was without mutations and immortal.

Eve’s DNA and science

So, how does modern science line up with this account? First of all, does the man’s rib contain enough genetic information to make a woman? The answer is “yes,” Adam’s ribs contained all the necessary genetic information to make Eve. However, it is interesting to note that if the first human were a woman, her rib would not contain enough information to make a man. This is because women do not have the y-chromosome. So, if the Bible stated that God created a woman first and then a man from her rib, the Bible would be in error; but, the Bible got it right and stands true. This all seems elementary to us now, but remember that the scriptures are much older than our knowledge of DNA.

Adam and Eve were near-identical twins

It follows, from both a Biblical and genetic perspective, that Eve was Adam’s feminine identical twin. When Adam said that Eve was “bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh” (Genesis 2:23-24), he was confirming this point. Is this possible? Can there be male/female identical twins? Yes, it is possible: if a geneticist takes two identical twin embryos and genetically engineers them so one has two X chromosomes and the other has one X and one Y chromosome, the resulting two humans will be identical male/female twins. Although rare, there are natural occurrences of male/female identical twins. For further information on this, just do an internet search on “male/female identical twins.”

Eve’s children

A common question to this notion of Adam and Eve being identical male/female twins is: “If Adam and Eve were identical twins, wouldn’t all their children also be identical to Adam and/or Eve?” The answer to this question is “No.” Adam and Eve were identical twins and they each had two copies of every gene. Due to a biological process called “meiosis,” these genes were shuffled differently for each of their children, and that fact coupled with epigenetic effects results in the chances of a child having identical DNA to Adam or Eve being infinitely small. This process of meiosis is easily understood, just search on “meiosis” and you will find many videos and detailed explanations.

Sin and mutations

When Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit, they sinned and reaped the penalty of sin. They became mortal and subject to genetic mutations. These mutations cause disease, deformities, and death, but they allow us to track our heritage. It is the consensus of both creation and secular scientists that all humans presently on earth come from one woman: “Eve” (creationists) and “Mitochondrial Eve” (secular scientists).

Genesis 3:20 And Adam called his wife’s name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.

Summary

In conclusion, Eve’s creation and genetic composition provide a fascinating bit of our human history that helps us understand our origins. It also demonstrates the convergence of modern science with the Biblical scriptures.

Here are some related articles if interested.

Adam’s DNA

Adam’s Rib

Genesis Chapter 1 and 2

Adam’s DNA

June 22, 2022Biology, Creation, DNA, Genetics, Human phylogenetics, origins, Y-chromosomesJohn Smith

Adam’s DNA was perfect.

According to the Bible, God created Adam approximately 6000 years ago. His body was perfect and not destined to die; he was immortal. But we are not like Adam. We are mortal and subject to imperfections and disease. Why? The answer is simple: When sin entered the world our bodies began collecting DNA mutations. Fortunately, we hope someday to enjoy our original day-6 DNA: perfect and immortal.

Let’s look at what the Bible says:

Genesis 1:31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day.

Genesis 2:7 And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living soul. (KJV)

Science and Adam’s DNA

Adam became a living soul, the first living soul, which means Adam necessarily had all of the human genetic variations in his DNA. Everyone, including Eve, came from Adam’s DNA. Modern science has proclaimed that all Y-chromosomes came from one man. We call Him Adam, and secular science calls him Y-chromosome Adam. Modern science also declares that all humanity came from one woman. We call her Eve, and secular science calls her mitochondrial Eve; however, since Eve came from Adam, we all came from Adam. The point is that the Biblical version of human origins is scientifically in tune with the Bible.

(Note: If the Bible had proclaimed that the first human was a woman, the Bible would be in error, women do not have the y-chromosome.)

Humans have approximately 22,000 genes, and combinations of these genes give us variation in physical appearances, such as eye color, nose shape, foot size, etc. These genes also affect our abilities and personality. Since Adam embodied two forms of each gene, he, Adam, provided all human genetic diversity. Two forms of each gene coupled with epigenetics would allow Adam’s genome to produce an infinite number of unique humans.

We are Adam

Because we all share Adam’s DNA, the Bible calls us all, collectively, “Adam.” Please read this scripture very carefully; the keywords here are “them” and “their:”

Genesis 5:2 Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created. (KJV)

So, God called their name Adam; we are Adam. When Adam sinned, he became corruptible and took on a sinful nature. Since Adam embodied all humanity, we all went down with him and took on his sinful nature. This sin nature causes corruption of our genes in the form of mutations. Today, every generation has approximately 100 more genetic mutations than the previous generation. These mutations can result in deformation, disorders, and disease; genetic mutations are never good, and we rightly call them “mutations.” Our mutation accumulation is discouraging, but we have the promise that in the twinkling of an eye, our DNA will return to its day-6 splendor. This is good news; this is the Gospel.

Behold, I shew you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed,

In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed.

For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality. (KJV I Corinthians 15:51-53 )

Our Future

My dear friends and children, our future is very bright: We are Adam and have the hope of redemption and obtaining our original, day-six DNA. Our bodies will be perfect. We will be in the Kingdom of God, no longer mortal and no longer sinful.

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Big Bang and the Bible

March 29, 2022Cosmology, Creation, origins, Quantum mechanics, Young earthJohn Smith

Recent discoveries in cosmology have resulted in the ‘big bang’ theory. Some pieces of the theory are clear, and some pieces are problematic. The clear pieces are in tune with the Bible, and the rest are not. Here is what is clear and in tune with the Bible. (1) The universe had a beginning, (2) The universe is expanding, (3) The expansion of the universe is accelerating, and (4) The universe is magnificent and huge (at least as big as the event horizon). These four points have reached consensus in both Biblical and modern science circles.

Big Bang – Background

One could say that the Bible is the origin of the big bang concept. The Bible documents that our universe had a beginning and that God created it and stretched it out. (Genesis 1:1, Isaiah 45:12, et al.) Then in 1929, Edwin Hubble proved that the universe is, indeed, expanding. His discovery solved one mystery of cosmology. Cosmologists did not know if the universe was expanding, contracting, or static. Cosmology was doing well, and the term “big bang theory” arose in the late 1940s. There were several unanswered questions, but they were making progress. One question continued to plague them: From where did the energy, laws of physics, and cosmological constants come?

Big Bang confusion

Then in 1998, two cosmology research projects discovered that the universe was expanding at an accelerated rate. This discovery changed cosmology forever. The acceleration of the expanding universe meant that there had to be some large force driving the expansion or some large mass outside the universe giving everything a gravitational force outward. Scientists coined the terms ‘dark force’ and ‘dark energy’ to explain the accelerated expansion, but no one knows anything about dark energy and matter. They know that something is causing the universe to expand at an accelerated rate. This expansion was an inconvenient surprise.

Modern Cosmology

Here is a summary of some of the primary ‘big bang theory’ problems facing modern cosmology:

Everything from Nothing

From where did all the energy come to fuel the big bang? How did everything come from nothing? Having everything come from nothing defies all scientific laws and common sense. Many proposed solutions to this problem require adopting the concept of the universe being a temporal happening in an eternal system. It is the only possibility and confirms one more portion of the Biblical creation.

Space Creation

The big bang is an expansion of a singularity. Singularities, by definition, dwell in infinitely small spaces, so from where did all the space come? Quantum physics has shown us space is very complicated. So, did it evolve instantaneously?

Creation of time

Time doesn’t exist in singularities. So, what created the concept of time, and what started it going?

Basic Building Blocks of the Universe

How did all the quarks, leptons, and bosons evolve and self-assemble within a billionth of a second? These basic building blocks of the universe each have precise mass, charge, spin, and color, all of which are fine-tuned to perform their function in making the universe useful and beautiful. They also have a dual personality, primarily a wave but can also exist as particles. They are complex to the extreme. Scientists cannot understand how they work, much less create one. So, how could they evolve by chance uniformly and intricately in a billionth of a second without intelligence?

Physical Laws and Constants

How did the fundamental physical constants and laws of physics miraculously evolve in a trillionth of a second? They are perfectly in tune with one another, allowing our universe and us to exist.

Dark Stuff

Dark matter and dark energy were conceived when the redshift verified that the universe was expanding and accelerating its expansion. The problem is that no one understands anything about them. Scientists are not even sure they exist. All that is known is that the universe is expanding at an accelerated rate. If dark matter and energy exist, they make up 95 percent of the universe. Wow!

Orderly

Another competing issue for the greatest mystery of cosmology concerns entropy, the measure of order. The question is, how did the big bang start with such high order? From where did the order come? One would think that the big bang started with disorder, but it didn’t.

Vacuum Energy

Then we have the puzzling cosmological constant, which measures how much energy there is in a vacuum. This constant is in fierce debate. The cosmologists have their number, and quantum physicists have their number. Who is right? They are very different numbers. These two values differ by 10 to the 120^th. In other words, they are off by 10 with 120 zeros behind the 10. This difference is embarrassing, but it shows a tremendous lack of understanding of space. Please note that those in quantum physics have an outstanding record of being right, and their number may be correct.

Dimensions of Space

There is also debate on the number of dimensions defining space. Some say three, some say 10, some 26, and some say many. No one knows.

Spatial Inflation – Fudge Factor

Many of those who accept the present big bang model embrace spatial inflation. Spatial inflation is the sudden stretching out of space to justify happenings faster than the speed of light. Some physicists do not accept spatial inflation and call it a fudge factor. A fudge factor is what scientists invent to make things fit the theory. S Most physicists contend that the speed of light is the speed limit in the universe. But we know things travel faster than the speed of light, so the spatial inflation notion solves this problem; space inflates rapidly, stretching out space and the light within it. But the problem is, what turns spatial inflation on and off? What orchestrates it? Cosmologists use spatial inflation to make their timeline work. The observed universe is 92 billion light-years in diameter, but they say it happened 14 billion years ago. Something is wrong.

Matter/Antimatter

Then another big problem in cosmology is the lack of antimatter. According to findings in the colliders, you cannot produce matter without antimatter. So, the question becomes: what happened to the antimatter during the big bang? When matter and antimatter coexist, they annihilate one another. Scientists admit that unless something separated the matter from the antimatter, the universe could not exist.

Gravity

One more significant problem is gravity. Why is there gravity, and from where does it come? Is it a particle, or is it curved space?

Biblical cosmology

As said before, the Bible agrees with (1) the universe had a beginning, (2) the universe is expanding, or as the Bible says, the heavens are being stretched, and (3) the universe is expanding at an accelerated rate, and (4) the universe is enormous and magnificent. The big difference between the Bible and cosmology is time. Cosmologists say the universe is 13.8 billion years old, and the Bible says it is approximately 6000 years old. This time difference is considerable. Time dilatation or spatial inflation may explain the difference.

The Bible says that a Divine Creator spoke all things into existence. The Biblical narrative is consistent with modern quantum physics, which proclaims the basic building blocks of the universe are, in fact, waves, quantum waves. It appears that in the beginning, everything was ‘null and void,’ and the first thing created was light. At the end of the first day, God called it a day; therefore, it appears that God created time in the beginning. The Bible clearly states in Genesis chapter 1 that God created all things in six days. The Bible does not treat the creation as miracles; it simply records the creator’s handiwork.

Miracles

Presently, miracles dominate the big bang theory. Cosmologists theorize that everything miraculously came from nothing. A singularity with miraculous entropy miraculously evolved into our laws of physics, cosmological constants, time, space, and quantum particles in less than one billionth of a second. Then, miraculously, multi-dimensioned space was put in place, and some miraculous force stretched out the universe, miraculously separating matter from antimatter. Miraculously, in less than one trillionth of a second, spatial inflation appeared and was miraculously orchestrated so everything would unfold and not be limited to the speed of light.

The current modern cosmology depends on more miracles than science. They understand very little, including how time and space work, but they are sure that space was created in a time of 13.8 billion years. The present writer is confident that the 13.8 billion years will change drastically to match the Biblical time.

Summary

Modern cosmology is converging with the Bible because of better telescopes. The “big bang” and the “big creation” models are closer than ever. The Bible is the fundamental book of science, and its proclamations are testable. The present writer has concluded that when modern science solves the problems stated above, the Bible will stand as the Bible of cosmology.

Additional Reading:

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